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Information

• Y-DNA
• mtDNA
• Admixtures
• Cultures
• Migrations
• Ancient DNA
• DNA World
• DNA Caucasus

Y-DNA Haplogroups

• A
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• C
• D
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• F
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Ancient DNA

• DNA from the European Neolithic
   
• DNA from the Near Eastern Neolithic
  
• Mesolithic Western Eurasian DNA


• Palaeolithic DNA from Eurasia
  
• Paleolithic mtDNA samples
  
• Mesolithic mtDNA samples


• Neolithic and сhalcolithic Y-DNA and mtDNA samples
  
• Bronze age Y-DNA and mtDNA samples


• Iron age mtDNA samples
  
• Ancient Western Eurasian DNA of the Copper and Bronze Ages


• Iron Age DNA from Europe and West Asia
  
• Ancient DNA from North Africa and the Canary Islands


• Ancient DNA from the Silk Road
  
• Ancient DNA of the Xiongnu, Hsiung-nu or Huns
  
• Ancient Jewish DNA


• Ancient Roman DNA
  
• Medieval and Modern European and West Asian DNA
  
• Royal DNA of Europe


• Ancient DNA related to traits and diseases (Lactase persistence; HIV resistence; Pigmentation)
  
• Famous DNA

Palaeolithic DNA from Eurasia Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome haplogroups extracted from the earliest prehistoric human remains in Europe and related remains in Asia, arranged chronologically.
Culture	Country	Site and/or Individual	Sex	Date	Y-DNA		mtDNA		Source
		pigmentation from genes		usually approximate	Haplogroup	Additional information	Haplogroup	Additional information
	Russia	Ust'-Ishim, western Siberia	M	45,770–44,010 cal BP	K(xLT)	M526	R*	73G, 263G, 750G, 1438G, 2706G, 3107d, 4769G, 7028T, 8860G, 11719A, 14766T, 15326G, 16150	Fu 2014
Proto-Aurignacian	Italy	Grotta di Fumane [Fumane 2]		41,110-38,500 cal BP			R*	73G, 263G, 750G, 1438G, 2706G, 4769G, 7028T, 8860G, 11719A, 14766T, 15326G. 5585A, 16129A and 16304C	Benazzi 2015
	Russia	Kostenki 14 [Markina Gora]	M	38,700-36,200 cal. BP	C1	M130, P255, V183, V199, V232, F3393	U2	11467, 12308, 12372, 1811, 16051	Seguin-Orlando 2014; Fu 2013; Krause 2010.
	Romania	Peştera cu Oase [Oase 1]		37,000–42,000 BP	F		N	73G, 263G, 750G, 1438G, 2706G, 3107d, 4769G, 7028T, 8860G, 11719A, 12705T, 14766T, 15326G, 16223T	Fu 2015
	Czech Republic	Dolni Vestonice [13]		31,155 cal. BP			U8	151, 3480, 7031, 10398, 16189	Fu 2013
	Czech Republic	Dolni Vestonice [14, 15]		31,155 cal. BP			U5	2 samples 16192, 16270, reported as U	Fu 2013
Gravettian	Russia	Sunghir [S2 and S3]	M & F	30,100 ± 550 BP			Unreliable	Two samples 16129A reported in same grave. Contamination suspected. Even if genuine, this mutation is found in multiple haplogroups and so is uninformative in isolation.	Alexeeva 2000; Ovchinnikov and Goodwin 2003 ; Maram 2012 for date
Gravettian	Italy	Paglicci Cave, Foggia [23]		28,000 BP			Unreliable	Contaminated.	Caramelli 2008; Fu 2013, supplementary table S6.
Gravettian	Wales, UK	Paviland [Red Lady]	M	26,000 BP			Unreliable	CRS; Cloning not used; contamination highly likely.	Sykes 2000
Gravettian	Italy	Paglicci Cave [12]		24,000 BP			Unreliable	Contaminated.	Caramelli 2003; Bandelt 2005; Fu 2013, supplementary table S6.
Gravettian	Italy	Paglicci Cave [25]		24,000 BP			Unreliable	Contaminated.	Caramelli 2003; Fu 2013, supplementary table S6.
	Russia	Mal'ta, Siberia [MA-1] Brown eyes; dark brown hair; dark skin	M	24,000 BP	R*		U*	C324T, T482C, T3540C, T8258C, A10289G, A11467G, A12308G, G12372A, A13350G, G14364A, A14776G, A16399G	Raghavan 2013
Solutrian	Spain	Nerja, Málaga [NE-NM 82.2]		18,000-15,000 BC			Unreliable	16126C, 16311Y	Fernández 2005
Solutrian	Spain	Nerja, Málaga [NE-NT 79]		18,000-15,000 BC			U	16192T 16311C	Fernández 2005
Magdalenian	Germany	Hohler Fels [49 Ib1 66]		13,400 BC			U	CRS in HVRI, 1721C, 7028Y, 12372A, 14766T, 14793A,	Bramanti 2009
Magdalenian	Germany	Hohler Fels [10 Ic 405]		13,400 BC			U	1721C, 7028T, 12372A, 14766T, 14793A	Bramanti 2009
	Italy	Paglicci Cave [Accesso sala 2 Rim P]		13,000 - 9000 BC			U2'3'4'7'8'9	146, 150, 152, 5999, 6152, 6498C>A, 8860, 10020, 14152, 15326, 15466, 16274, 16297	Fu 2013
	Germany	Oberkassel [998]		12,000 BC			U5b1	16192!	Fu 2013
	Germany	Oberkassel [998, 999]		11,400 BC			U5b1	16189, 16166	Fu 2013
Magdalenian	Spain	El Pirulejo [1P1]		11,500-10,500 BC			?	16182C, 16183C, 16189C	Fernández 2005
Magdalenian	Spain	El Pirulejo [2P1]		11,500-10,500 BC			Unreliable	CRS	Fernández 2005
Magdalenian	Spain	La Pasiega (Cantabria) [PS-1]					R0 or HV	rCRS in HVRI, G73A, reported as H	Hervella 2012
Magdalenian	Spain	Erralla (Gipuzkoa) [ERR-1]		12,300 BP			U5b	73G, 16270	Hervella 2012; Brandt 2013
Late Epi-Gravettian	Italy	Continenza [7]		14,000 - 8000 BP			U5b2b1		Fu 2013