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Order: Brassicales;
Family: Brassicaceae;
Genus: Sinapis;
Species and synonyms: White mustard, yellow mustard, English mustard (Sinapis alba, Brassica alba, Brassica hirta).

GBIF: Sinapis alba L.

White mustard (lat. Sinapis alba) is a species of plant from the family Brassicaceae, order Brassicales. It is significant as an oilseed crop: the oil is stable, does not go rancid for a long time, and is used in the food, technical, and chemical-pharmaceutical industries, being especially valued in baking and canning production. White mustard seeds have a milder and more piquant taste compared to other species. They are used whole or ground for preserving vegetables, mushrooms, and fish, as well as for preparing cabbage dishes, meat soups, and minced meats. Mustard powder is used for preparing beef, pork, game, and cold and hot gravies.

Mustard is a good emulsifier: it serves as a protective coating during heat treatment of poultry, veal, and fish, preventing the escape of meat juices and flavoring it. A significant amount of seeds goes into the production of spices and seasonings for preserving, as well as for preparing English mustard. Traditional English mustard requires white and brown (Sarepta) mustard grains. They are ground into powder, mixed with flour and turmeric, then apple vinegar or cider is added. This mustard is golden-yellow, moderately spicy. English mustard is also available in powder form: simply add water before use.

In cooking, mustard is used not only as a ready-made condiment but also as a standalone ingredient. Whole seeds are added to marinades, brines, and pickles (cucumbers, tomatoes, cabbage). Mustard powder is included in dry marinades for meat and fish. In French cuisine, Dijon mustard (from black seeds) serves as the base for many sauces, dressings, and mayonnaises. Bavarian mustard (sweet) is served with sausages and frankfurters. In Russian cuisine, mustard is served with brawn, jellied meat, lard, meat, dumplings, and shchi. In warm form, mustard enhances the flavor of offal dishes (liver, kidneys, tripe). In folk medicine, mustard plasters are used for colds, bronchitis, and sciatica, while mustard baths improve blood circulation. Mustard oil is used in cosmetology for hair growth and massage.