700—600 BC. Scythians in Abkhazia
The appearance of Scythians in Abkhazia (Kulanyrkhua burial ground). (7th century BC — Don region, Azov region; 6th–4th centuries BC — Northern Black Sea region). The Scythians were not a single people. All of Scythia consisted of several large tribes that together formed a union. Despite the fact that the Scythians spoke one language, had the same customs and led a similar way of life, the tribes still differed significantly from each other. Each individual tribe lived relatively independently.
Excavations by M.M. Trapsh 1948–52.
7th century BC.
Military-political activity of the Scythians and Cimmerians in Asia Minor.
Materials:
History of Adygea. Gubzhokov 2009
700 BC. War of the Scythians with the Cimmerians
- Scythian and Cimmerian. 7th century BC Evgeniy Kray
Source.
700 BC. Collapse of Cimmeria
In the 7th century BC, probably under the pressure of the Scythians, the history of Cimmeria ended. Nevertheless, as some researchers believe, the history of the Cimmerians continued under the names of the Sindians and Maeotians in the Western Caucasus, and considering some linguistic parallels and the last mentions of the Cimmerians near Lake Avernus, a connection with the Etruscans is also possible.
700 BC. OSSETIANS (OVSI)
The Ovsi appear — according to Georgian sources, the ancestors of modern Ossetians. "Kartlis Tskhovreba" connects the appearance of the Ovsi (Ossetians) in the North Caucasus with the settlement in the central part of Ciscaucasia of some part of the Scythians, who appear in the source under the name "Khazars." More details.
700 BC. SAUROMATIANS
The Sauromatians appear — nomadic tribes related to the Scythians. In the 7th century BC, they possibly lived in the Volga and Ural steppes. At the end of the 5th–4th centuries BC, they pushed back the Scythians and crossed the Don. More details.
690 BC. Divergence of Abkhazians and Nakh-Dagestanians
---
[1] Parallel Evolution of Genes and Languages in the Caucasus Region. Balanovsky 2011. Supplementary Data. Supplementary Figure 4
670—550 BC. Media and the Aryans
Media (Greek: Μηδία, Old Persian: Māda, Assyrian and Babylonian: Mādāya) — an ancient eastern state, as well as an ancient ethno-geographical region in western Iran, from the Araks River and the Elburz Mountains in the north to the borders of Persis (Fars) in the south, and from the Zagros Mountains in the west to the Dasht-e Kavir desert in the east, inhabited by Iranian-speaking tribes. The Median kingdom existed from 670 BC to 550 BC and during its heyday was much wider than the borders of ethnic Media.
Herodotus (Book 7, section 62) says that the Medes (inhabitants of Media) in ancient times, before Herodotus, were called Aryans. And Media, in 670–550 BC, occupied precisely the part of Anatolia that interests us.
Klaproth, devoting several pages in his work to the study of the Ossetians, comes to the conclusion that the Ossetians are: a) Medes, who bore the name Iran and were known to Herodotus under the name Arianoi; b) Median Sarmatians of antiquity and a Median colony that settled on the northern side of the Caucasus, where it was founded, according to Diodorus Siculus, by the Scythians.